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KLIMATSKE KARAKTERISTIKE BEOGRADA

CLIMAT´S CHARACTERISTICS OF BELGRADE

PANIC ALEKSANDRA,VII razred,OS”Miroslav Antic” , MENTOR: Dr SLAVOLJUB DRAGICEVIC,Docent,Geografski fakultet,Beograd
REZIME
Prvi zadatak pri proucavanju klime gradova je odrediti uticaj geografskog polozaja na klimu urbanog prostora
grada.Mesto nastanka grada nije slucajno izabrano.Faktori se grupisu kao geografski,istorijski,ekonomski,politicki
itd.Predhodna klima(praklima ili inicijalna klima- klima prostora pre nastanka grada) spada u odlucujuce
faktore.Njeno razmatranje i proucavanje sadasnje,urbane klime,povezano je sa ispitivanjem reljefa,hidroloskih
uslova,uslova tla,vegetacija itd.Ako tu uracunamo i geografsku sirinu onda govorimo o fizickogeografskim faktorima
klime.Pre oko 2000 godina Hipokrat pominje uticaj gradova na zravlje ljudi,a kasnije o gradskom vazduhu pisu
Horacije i Seneka.U srednjem veku vazduh je zagadjen zbog velike kolicine uglja,a najzagadjeniji vazduh je bio u
Londonu.U istoriji urbane klimatologije London se pominje 1818.godine kada je Luk Hauard(1818) hemicar po
struci napisao knjigu u kojoj opisuje klimu Londona.To je bila klimatografija prva koja je uradjena za jedan grad,a
koja je imala i drugi deo koji je izasao 1920.godine.Emilijan Reno(1862) je pisao o temperaturi vazduha u Parizu,a
koja se razlikuje od temperature u okolini.Godine 1930 Vilhelm Smit je u izucavanju klime napravio veliki
napredak.Ukljucivanjem vozila u marsrutna merenja unutar urbanog prostora.To je ono sto se danas radi vrlo
jednostavno uz pomoc helikoptera,aviona ili satelita.Dok je u Beogradu zapoceo Milan Nedeljkovic krajem XIX
veka proucavanje mikroklimatoloska proucavanja kasnije su doprineli tome:Pavle Vujisic i Marko i Katarina
Milosavljevic.

Kljucne reci:temperatura,pritisak,vlaznost vazduha,atmosferski pritisak i trajanje suncevog sjaja
(G.Andjelkovic,Beograd 2005.godina i M.Tadic, Beograd 2006.godina)

SUMMARY
The first task for studing climate in town is to found out the influence of geographical sight to climate.The position
of a town wasn´t chosed by chanse.The factors are divided into geographical,historics,economical,politics etc.The
climate in the past is in a group of decisional factor.The studing and resurehing the urban climate is connected with
resurching of landscape,hidrological conditions,land´s conditions,vegetations etc.These and geographic wide are
paysical-geografical factors of climate.2000 years ago Hipocrat mentioned the influence towns to the health of
people,later Horacio and Seneca wrote about urban air latter.In the age,the aer was polluted by not of coal and
the worst was in London.Luck Hauard also mentioned London in 1818 in his book abot the climate in London.It was
the first done climatography for a town.It had the second part which was poblished in 1920 by Emilian Reno in
1862.He wrote about the temperature of air in Paris which was different from the temperature in the surrounding.In
1930 Vilhelm Smit was made huge advance.He incuded vehicles in the measuring into the urban spaces.Today the
climatologists do thut easily by heliocopter,plane or satellite.In the end of 20 th century this resuren Milan
Nedeljkovic has been started for studing microclimatology.

Wind,temperature,humidity of the air,atmospheric pressure and the duration off sun´s rays have great influence of
climate.

Key words:wind,temperature, humidity of the air,atmospheric pressure and the duration off sun´s rays have great
influence of climate.(G.Andjelkovic,Belgrade 2005 and M.Tadic,Belgrade 2006)