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RIŠELJEOVA OPSADA I POBEDA NAD HUGENOTIMA

Autor:IVA IVANOV, uĉenica trećeg razreda Treće beogradske gimnazije, Centar za talente Beograd
II
Mentor:dr STANOJE BOJANIN, Istorijski institut, Beograd
ABSTRAKT

Kardinal Rišelje, prvi ministar Francuske, bio je više od toga, bio je u neku ruku njen vladar, koji je uspeo
da svojim sposobnostima, predoĉi kralju puteve kojima Francuska treba da ide. Vreme kada je došao na
vlast, nije bilo povoljno za Francusku. Razdirali su je verski sukobi i dvorske zavere. Njegovu ţelju i glavni
cilj, da Francusku uĉini najjaĉom evropskom drţavom i apsolutnom monarhijom, sprovodiće i boriće se za

njega svim sredstvima. Najjaĉa sredstva bila su mu njegov smisao za diplomatiju i moć upravljanja
kraljevim mišljenjem. Kada je shvatio da mu hugenoti smetaju u sprovoĊenju te ideje, rešio je da se
obraĉuna sa njima, jer ako bi ih zanemario, nikada ne bi mogao da stvori jedinstvenu drţavu, jer bi se oni
uvek bunili i traţili nova prava. Tako da je morao da im oduzme pravo koje im dato nantskim ediktom, a to
je da budu ,,drţava u drţavi“. Nastala je borba. Hugenotima su u pomoć došli Englezi. Borba je trajala oko
godinu dana, i nije bila klasiĉna borba oruţjem. Kardinal nije zapoĉinjao velike oruţane bitke, iako je imao

brojniju i nadmoćniju vojsku, kao i neverovatnu zaustavnu branu koju je napravio, nego se oslonio na glad
opsednutog stanovništva, što mu je na kraju i donelo pobedu. Bio je pristalica naĉela da se kralj mora
predstaviti u svetu kao jako milostiv, pa je za to vreme jako neuobiĉajeno, ubedio kralja da pomiluje
pobunjenike. Time je pokazao koliko je bio ĉovek ispred svog vremena.

Ključne reči Kardinal, Rišelje, kralj, Luj XIII, hugenoti, Francuska, Engleska

ABSTRACT Cardinal Richelieu, first minister of France, was more than that; he was a kind of its ruler,
who managed with his abilities to present the king the roads France should go. Time when he became a
minister, wasn‟t very good France. There were lots of religious conflicts and plots in the Palace. His wish
and the main goal to make France the biggest and strongest European country, and that France become an
absolute monarchy; he will fight for it with all possible resources. Things that helped him the most for doing

that were his sense for diplomacy and his power of controlling king‟s thinking. When he realized that
Huguenots are not letting this plan to become true, he knew that he had to fight with them, because if he had
ignored them, he would never managed to form that unique France monarchy. So, he had to take them away
the right they got with Edict of Nantes of being state in the state. Fight began. English came to help
Huguenots. The fight lasted about a year, and it wasn‟t a regular armed battle. Cardinal hadn‟t started big
armed fights, even though he had more powerful army, as amazing stop dam which he made, but he relied
on hunger of the city. That plan brought him a victory. He was a supporter of the principle that the king must
be presented to the world as a very merciful king, so for that time very unusual, he persuaded him to pardon

rebels. With this act he showed how much he was a man ahead of his time.

Key words Cardinal, Richelieu, king, Louis XIII, huguenots, France, England