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REŽIM PODZEMNIH VODA U PANĈEVAĈKOM RITU ( OD 1998.DO 2004.GODINE)

UNDERGROUND WATER REGIME IN PAVĈEVAĈKI RIT (FROM 1998. TO 2004.)

Autori: Ana Damnjanovid i, Sara Milutinovid, učenice VII razreda Osnovne škole “Ruđer Boškovid”,
Beograd Mentor: Katarina Ružidič, nastavnik Osnovne škole “Ruđer Boškovid”

Rezime

Podzemne vode su sve vode koje se nalaze ispod površine terena u bilo kom agregatnom stanju. Ova
voda može biti slobodna ili gravitaciona tj. vezana za čestice stena. Podzemna voda može biti tečna,
čvrsta u vidu leda i gasovita u vidu vodene pare. Podzemna voda je značajna za vodosnabdevanje
stanovništva. U životu stanovništva praktična upotreba podzemnih voda je velika. Malo mineralizovane
podzemne vode koriste se za vodosnabdevanje, navodnjavanje i u prehrambenoj industriji. Mineralne
podzemne vode, zavisno od hemijskog sastava i temperature, koriste se za lečenje, rekreaciju, zagrevanje
objekata, dobijanje električne energije, ali podzemna voda vrlo često može da pravi i velike probleme
stanovništvu. Probleme sa izdizanjem podzemnih voda ima stanovništvo Pančevačkog rita, koja
negativno utiče na kvalitet poljoprivrednog zemljišta i plavi podrume. Zato je stanovništvo moralo da
preduzme neke mere zaštite. Na nivo podzemnih voda utiče više različitih faktora: temperatura vazduha,
padavine, vodostaj Dunava i Tamiša.

Ključne reči: Podzemne vode, klima, kanali, Dunav i Tamiš

Summary

Underground water is the water which is found under the surface of terrain in any aggregate condition.
This water can be free or gravitational, i.e. connected to the particles of rocks. Underground water can
be liquid, hard and in the form of ice and steam. Underground water is important for supplying water to
the people. In people’s everyday life practical use of underground water is of the great importance.
Some of the mineralized underground water is used for water supply, irrigation and in food industry,
depending on its chemical ingredients and temperature, it is used for medical treatments, recreation,
heating, producing electric power, but it can often cause problems. Problems with rising of underground
water have people from Pancevacki rit, where underground water has negative effects on the quality of
agricultural land and it floods basements. Therefore, these people had to take some measures in order
to protect themselves. There are various factors that influence the underground water level: air
temperature, rainfall, level of the rivers Danuabe and Tamiš.

Key words: Underground water, climate, channels, Danuabe and Tamiš