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NASLEDJIVANJE BIOLOSKIH OSOBINA

INHERITANCE OF BIOLOGICAL FEATURES

Autor: Almina Hasanovic, ucenica Seste beogradske gimnazije drustveno-jezickog smera

Mentor: Prof. Ljubica Lalic, profesorka biologije u Sestoj beogradskoj gimnaziji

REZIME

Ljudi su od davnina primecivali da se neke osobine prenose sa roditelja na potomstvo, ali
mehanizam tog nasledjivanja nije bio poznat. Zasto potomci lice na roditelje? Zasto postoje razlike?

Predmet naseg istrazivanja je mehanizam nasledjivanja osobina kroz generacije, za koji
smatramo da je veoma bitan u sprecavanju bolesti u buducim generacijama. Zanimalo nas je kako se
jedna osobina prenosi kroz nekoliko generacija i od cega zavisi da li ce se pojaviti u narednoj generaciji.
Zbog toga sam prvo dala uvid u neke osnovne pojmove, da bih posle u esperimentu koji je sproveden na
primeru moje porodice sve to primenila i pokazala kako se jedna osobina prenosila kroz generacije u
mojoj porodici. Koristila sam se metodom rodoslova, jer nisam imala uslova za nesto slozenije, ali je i ova
metoda dala dobre rezultate.

Izabrala sam bas ovu temu jer pored toga sto je veoma interesantna, mislim i da je veoma bitna i
da ce narednih godina imati veoma vaznu ulogu u nasim, a i u zivotima nase dece.

Kljucne reci: nasledjivanje, homozigot, heterozigot, autozomno, dominantno, recesivno,
kodominantno, fenotip, genotip, rodoslov.

SUMMARY

Since long time ago people have noticed that some features are inherited from parents to their children,
but the mechanism of that heredity wasn’t known. Why do descendants take after their parents? Why
are there differences?

The aim of our research is the mechanism of heredity features throw generations, that we
consider it very important in prevention of decease in future generations. We were interested in how
one feature inherites throw some generations and on what depends if it will appear in further
generations. That is why I first gave insight in some basic terms, and subsequently, in the experiment I
conducted on the example of my family, I applied it all and showed how one feature inherited throw
generations in my family. I used pedigree method, because I did not have conditions for more complex
research, but nevertheless this method gave good results.

I chosed this subject because apart from being interesting, I think it is very important and in the
forthcoming years it will have an important role in ours, and in our children’s lives.

Key words: inheritance, homozygote, heterozygote, autosomal, dominant, recessive,
codominant, phenotyp, genotyp, pedigree.