Page 134 - Srednje skole - radovi

SHAPING MODERN ENGLISH

Jana Mišid 1-4, Ivan Barišid 1-7 „XIII beogradska gimnazija“

Mentor: Jelena Bezarevid

Summary

In the beginning, Old English was a diverse group of dialects. The Old English was influenced by the
German family languages and after it by the Old French. Thus, it had a vast vocabulary and great
flexibility. The Norman influence reinforced many changes leading to know known as Middle English.
Among the changes was an increase in the use of a unique aspect of English grammar, the "continuous"
tenses, with the suffix "-ing". Norman also influenced spelling in this period, with the /θ/ and /ð/ sounds
being spelled th rather than with the Old English letters þ (thorn) and ð (eth), which did not exist in
th
French. Than, during the 15 century the Great Vowel Shift occurred. It was a transition to the Modern
English. Since the Renaissance, many foreign words from Greek and Latin were adopted. Along with
them, spelling changed so first dictionaries were written.

Rezime

U početku Stari Engleski se sastojao od različitih dijalekata. Na Stari Engleski uticaj su imali jezici
Germanske porodice, a posle njih uticao je i Stari Francuski. Stari Engleski je imao širok vokabular i veliku
fleksibilnost. Normanski uticaj se ogleda u velikim promenama koje su dovele do Srednjeg Engleskog.
Medju tim promenama došlo je i do vede upotrebe “kontinuiranih” vremena sa sufiksom “-ing”.
Normani su uticali i na pisanje tako da su sada glasovi /θ/ i /ð/ bili pisani th umesto þ (thorn) i ð (eth) kao
kod Starog Engleskog, a koji nisu postojali u Francuskom. Kasnije u 15-om veku desila se “Velika zamena
samoglasnika”. Ona je predstavljala prelaz u Moderni Engleski. Od perioda renesanse prihvadene su
mnoge strane reci iz grčkog i latinskog jezika. Uz njih menjao se i pravopis tako da su napisani i prvi
rečnici.

key words: language, linguistics, change, development