Page 70 - Srednje skole - radovi

SASTOJCI BOJA SA UVOZNIH IGRAĈAKA I NJIHOV UTICAJ NA RAZVOJ DECE

TARA ĐUROVID- 2. razred Gimnazije u Lazarevcu, Centar za talente Beograd II

Mentori: GORAN JEREMID - profesor biologije Gimnazije u Lazarevcu ( prirodno-matematički fakultet )

MARIJA GALJAK - professor hemije Gimnazije u Lazarevcu ( prirodno-matematički fakultet )

REZIME

Izradi rada sam pristupila sa ciljem da utvrdim štetnost uvoznih igračaka kojima se deca svakodnevno igraju i
saznam procenat ljudi koji su informisani o njihovom delovanju. Koristila sam podatke iz literature i sa mnogih Web
stranica - koje se bave preporukama o nezi i ishrani dece, savetima za potrosače i sajtovima koji imaju veze sa
hemijom i biohemijom, a takodje sam uradila jednu anketu da bih utvrdila stepen upoznatosti sa problematikom
kojom se bavim u ovom radu. Saznala sam sledede:

Supstance ftalat DBP, ftalat DINP, ftalat DEHP, fenol, formalin, barijum, hrom, olovo i druge, nalaze se u količinama
koje su više od dozvoljenih. Ove supstance uzrokuju mnoge neželjene efekte, a pogotovu kod dece za koju su i
pravljene.Neki toksini mogu štetno delovati na bubrege i jetru, delovati na centralni nervni sistem, usporiti
biohemijske procese nadražiti kožu i sluzokožu, a neki ne samo da mogu nadražiti oči, ved mogu napraviti ozbiljne
povrede. Kod trovanja olovom može dodi do trajnog usporavanja srčanog rada ili smanjenja eritrocita - anemije.
Ima onih supstanci koje remete rad hormona - smanjuju stvaranje testosterona kod novorođenih dečaka, mogu
izazvati feminizaciju istih, uzrokovati kancer testisa, a kod oba pola mogu uticati na formiranje polnih organa.
Takođe, utiču na delovanje insulina, te smanjuju absorpciju glukoze. Anketa je pokazala da 80% ljudi zna za zabranu
ovih igračaka. Od njih, 48% zna zašto su igračke zabranjene.

Ključne reči: uvozne igračke, olovo, ftalat DEHP, biohemijski procesi, absorpcija glukoze, 80% ljudi.

SUMMARY

To the production of this work I approached with the aim to establish the damage of imported toys which the
children play with everyday and to find out the percent of people who are informed about their influence.I had
used the information from literature and from many web-sites- who go in for recommendations about care and
nutrition of children, advices for consumers and sites who have the connection with chemistry and biochemistry.
Also I conducted poll to define a level of inform with problems that I engage in this work.

I find out the following:

Substances phthalate DBP, phthalate DINP, phthalate DEHP, phenol, formalin, barium, chromium, lead and others
are in the quantity which are higher than allowed ones. This substances cause many unwanted effects, especially
on the children, for who they are made. Some toxins can damage their kidney and liver, affect on central nerve
system, slow biochemical processes, irritate skin, mucous membrane, some don’t just irritate eyes, they can make
serious damages. In poisoning with lead it can come to permanent decelerate of hurt beating or reduce of
erythrocytes- anemia. There are some substances which disturb work of hormones- they reduce making
testosterones in newborn boys, they can cause feminization of them, cause cancer of testis, and on both sex they
can influence on formation of sexual organs. They can affect on work of insulin, they reduce the absorption of
glucose. Poll had showed that 80% people knows about prohibition of this toys. From them, 48% knows why they
are prohibited.

Key words: imported toys, lead, phthalate DEHP, biochemical processes, absorption of glucose, 80% people.