Page 389 - Srednje skole - radovi

ARAPSKA MATEMATIKA
ARABIAN MATHEMATICS

Uĉenik: Stefan Kmeţević Ii Ekomomska, Odeljenje I - 9
Mentor: Vesna Rajšić, Prof. Mat. Etš „Nikola Tesla“

REZIME

Matematika mora biti zanimljiva, raznolika i dinamiĉna . Razvoj matematike kroz
istoriju veoma je usko povezan uz razvoj matematiĉkih saznanja kod ĉoveka. Prve
civilizacije (3000 g.p.n.e.) dobro su poznavale astronomju. U starom veku(od 700
g.p.n.e. do 10 st.n.e.) javlja se prelaz s konkretnog na apstraktno u razvoju

matematike.Srednji vijek nam govori o razvoju matematike u Indiji gde se istiĉe
njen numeriĉki karakter, uvode razlomci, negativni brojevi i nule; prvi simboli.

Arapi uzimaju od Grka i Indijaca najbolje, a posebno razvijaju algebru. Arapi u Evropu
donose dela Aristotela koja se prevode na latinski. Smatra se da su Arapi u dostignu-
ćima matematike bitni jedino kao sakupljaĉi i prenosioci tekovina starih naroda – ipak

nije tako. Arapska matematika je kasnije imala veliki uticaj i bila jedan od dominantnih
pokretaĉa u evropskoj matematici.

Kljuĉne reĉi: trigonometrija, arapski matematiĉari, teorija brojeva, algoritam,
algebra, jednaĉine.

SUMMARY

Mathematics has to be interesting, miscellaneous and vibrant. Historic development of

mathematics is closely related to development of mathematical comprehension among
people. The first civilizations (3.000 years B.C.) were acquainted with astronomy.During
th
the ancient times (in period 700 years B.C. till 10 century) in math growth had occurred
a concrete to the abstract transition. Middle Ages notified the mathematics development
in India with emphasis on its numeric character, also fractions, negatives numbers and
nulls had been established as the first symbols.

The Arabs had acquired the best Greek and Indian expertise, and particularly had been
developing the algebra. Aristotle’s manuscripts had been brought in Europe and after
that translated into Latin. Related to mathematics accomplishments, the Arabs had been
considered only as gatherers and transmitters of the ancient people inheritance, but it is
not the truth. The Arab math subsequently had greatly influenced the European math and
also had been among its leading establishers.

Key words: trigonometry, Arab mathematicians, theory of numbers, algorithm,
algebra, equations